Valve and valve gear for locomotives and other engines



4 Sheets-Sheet 1 Sept. l29, 1931. J. MoUcHLY VALVE AND VALVE GEARy FORLOCOMOTIVES AND OTHER ENGINES `Filed Sept. 25. 1928 En l@ n@ WEM E Esept. 29,1931. J. MOUCHLY 1,824,830

VALVE AND VALVE GEAR FOR LOCOMOTIVES AND OTHER ENGINES Filed sept. 25.192e 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 l on Sept. 29, 1931. J. MOUCHLY` 1,824,830

VALVE AND VALVE GEAR FOR LOCOMOTIVES AND OTHER ENGINES Filed Sept. 25.1928 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 Sept.\29, 1931. J. MoucHxfY 1,824,830

VALVE AND VALVE GEAR FOR LOCOMOTIVES AND OTHER ENGINES Filed Sept. 25.1928 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Ill'lll UT 7779x644/ /NveA/ra@ Patented Sept. 29,1931 'UNITED STATES PATENT ori-*lcs JACQUES HUUCHLY, OF HAIFA,`PALESTINE vALvn AND vALvn @micron Locoiafro'rrvns AND oriana-ENGINES,

Application led September 225, 1928, Serial No. 808,191, and in GreatBritain January 18, 1928.

This invention relates to steam distribution valves and valve gear forlocomotives.

Hitherto the substitution of poppet valves for piston or slide valvesinlocomotives has 6 necessitated the replacement of the existingAcylindersby others specially designed for use with poppet valves, andhas thereby involved considerable expense.

,The object of the present invention is to l provide in steamlocomotives a reliable poppet valve distribution gear of such acharacter that it may be used with cylinders ori inally designed forusing piston or slide va1ves, that is to say, the invention enables 35cylinders having piston or slide valves to be re-conditioned so as touse poppet valves, 0r the existing patterns of the cylinders to beutilized so that the casting may be fitted with" the improved poppetvalve system.

The invention consists in a poppet valve steam distribution unit forlocomotives, comprising a body part composed of one or more castings,independent of the cylinder, vided 4with seatings for the poppet.va vesand apertures for steam admission and exhaust, which valves are adaptedto be actuated through transmission meansby rotary cams rigid with anaxially adjustable cam shaft. the arrangement being such that the unitis adaptable to the existing cylinders of locomotives and also to newcylinders having the existing design or specially altered to suit thepurpose.

The steam distribution unit according to this invention is adaptable toboth the right hand and left hand cylinders of locomotives, and thevalves themselves or the component parts thereof are interchangeablethroughout and are easily accessible, thus facilitating theirmanufacture mass production.

' In the accompan ing drawings whichillustrate,'by Way o example,various adaptationsand modifications of the steam distribution unitconstructed in accordance withl this invention, and in which the samereference letters are utilized to indicate the same or analogous parts.l

Figure 1 illustrates in sectional elevation a general arrangement of aform of the unit and the valve gear utilized in connection detached, anddrawn to a larger scale than in Figure 1, Y

Figure 3 is an elevation of the cam shaft extension to the same scale asin Figure 2,

Figure 4 is a transverse section to an enel larged scale of the unit onthe line 4`4of Fi re l, I

igure 5 is a longitudinal section on the line 5--5 of Figure 4 with thevalves removed, A

Figure 6 is a longitudinal section on the line 6-6 of Figure 5,\`

vFigure 7 is a transverse section illustrata modified form ot the unitapplied to a cy 1 nder which would normally have a piston valve, l

Fi ure '8 is a detail view showing a modified orm of a poppet valveforming a part of the unit constructed in accordance with thisinvention,

Figure 9 is a diagrammatical view .of a cylinder whichwould normallyhave a plston valve, showing a steam assage as restricted prior to theinsertion o aunit according to this invention.

Referring now to Figures 1 to 6 of the drawings, the body part of theunit c omprises two tubular castings a and a provided Y res ectivelywith transverse seatings b and b or inlet valves and c and c for exhaust86.' valves. Steam inlet apertures d and exhaust apertures d are alsoprovided in the said castings which are positioned within the steamchest e as hereinafter described and subsequently bolted together at f.Each 00 'i valve is provided withl a cage comprising a series of suerposed elements g, g andi-pz adapted to e rigidl positioned co-axia ywith their valve seating inthe body art cf the unit by means of a setscrew The screw-threaded shank of the set screw 'h 1s i adapted toengage a correspondingly. screwthreaded aperture in the upper termlnatmelement g of the valveca e, and the head o the set screw is provide witha recess vfor Figure 2 is an elevation of the camshaft 5N cooperationwith a projection on the inner peripheral surface of the body part ofthe unit to rigidly position the valve ca e therein. Valve spindles iare located wlthin the valve cages, and the valve bodies j rigid withthe spindles are maintained in a closed po-v sition byy the action ofcoil-springs c sur- 'rounding the said spindles and interposed'li/(@ljbetween boss portions of the valve cages and caps rigid with *hevalve splndles. The

' elements 'g' of thc valve cages are provided videdwith loosely fittedballs o for the purpose-of lessening friction between the rockers andthe cam surfaces and more partlcularly during the axial adjustingmovement of the cam shaft. v 311v The' cam lshaft 'n' is provided witheight cams n, two for steamv admission and two for exhaust duringforward running of the i ings a and bare formed wlth a series ofrlghtlocomotive and the-same number for the reverse running thereof. Theexhaust cams are each of constant width, but the steam admission Acamsvary 'in' width longitudinally, and this longitudinal variation is suchthat a range of cut-off varying from 2% to 80% is obtainable during bothdirections of ltravel M1 of the locomotive. i Y The cam shaft n ispreferably rotated by the driving wheels ofthe locomotive, and forthispurpose is provided'with a rigid extension p- (see Figure 1)- havinga squared end ,adaptedl to engage, and slide within, a

.correspondingly squared aperture in a transmission shaft g. A universaljoint 1 couples the transmission shaft g with another shaft .s rigidlysupporting a helical gear wheel t, and this wheel is adapted Vto engageanother gear wheel t positively driven by the ^lly crank u of thedriving wheels of the locomotive. The cam shaft n is axially adjusted bymeans of a forked lever p rigid with a pivotal shaft p2 adapted to be`oscillated by the existing reversing rod or lever, the said forked`lever p engaging a collar p3 on the cam sha-ft extension p. As 50 thecam shaft and its extension are slidably coupled to the transmissionshaft 'g they are capable of axial movement relatively thereto, suchaxial movement being effected by an' oscillatory movement ofthe forkedlever p'.

v The adaptation of the steam distribution unit according to thisinvention to cylinders valves and their liners and restricting the steampassage in connection therewith, prior to suitably-boring the istonvalve housmg for the insertion therelnto of the casting? forming the bodpart of the unit.

In cylinders aving piston valves large steam passages in the steam chestcasings between the valves and the cylinders are necessary inconsequence of the radial travel of the steam through the valves, and insome cases the capacity of such a passage is equal to 18% of thecapacity of the cylinder.

By the use of the unit according to this invention, however, such alarge steam passage in the steam chest casing is .unnecessary whenthe'unit is to be applied to a cylinder which would normally have apiston valve, and

molten zinc is utilized to restrict the said passage,.in fact the lattercan be restricted f so much that .it has a. capacity not exceeding 8% ofthe cylinder capacity. Such a restriction therefore effects aconsiderable saving in steam, especially superheated steam, and is showndiagrammatically in Figure 9, wherein a3 indicates thezinc fillingreducing the capacity ina steam passage a* of a cylinder a5 which wouldnormally have a piston `valve.

The outer peripheral surfaces of the castinsertion of the castings, sothat when the latter are forced into position steam-tight joints are atonce effected between their'outer peripheral surfaces and the adjacentsuorface of the bore.

Referring more particularly to Figure 5 of the drawings, steam admittedto thesteam.

chest through the central aperture c has djrect access to t inlet valvespositioned on the seatings b and b',- and according to which inlet valveis in an open position the steam travels therefrom as shown by thearrowsto the cylinder through either of the passages b2 or b3. Theexhaust steam from the cylinder passes through the passages c2 and c3to.

the exhaust valves positioned on the seatings aand c',4 and fromthencerpasses to the blast plpJ1 of the locomotlve, thus having ashorter pat To eiect steam-tight joints between the vvalve seatings andtheir valve cages, copper Wires 68 are insertedI in recesses in theircooperating surfaces.

To ensure freedom in drifting after the regulator is closed, the camshaft is axially adjusted so that the cylindrical lprojections g/thereon co-act with the valve rockers to maintain the valves in an openposition so as to allow the free circulation of air to both vsides ofthe piston and thereby eliminate theV necessity for by-pass valves onthe cylinders. A modified construction of the 'unit according to theinvention is illustrated in Figure 7 wherein the unit is shown asapplied to a cylinder wherein the bore in the steam chest isinsuiliciently large toreceive a unit housing the cam shaft in additionto the valves. In this case the valve spindles z" are extended by'meansof tappets i to project through both the body part of the unit and thesteam chest casing, and the cam shaft n carrying the valves a is adaptedto rotate `in a. casing positioned on the outside of the said steamchest casing. The rockers m for actuating the valves are ivotallysupported by a lugv integral with t e cam shaft casing, and the motlonof the cams is transmitted to the rockers through the medium of tappetsm slidably mounted in extensions of the cam shaft casing. The tappets mare provided with loosely fitting balls m2 for the purpose hereinbeforedescrlbed.

In modified construction of the poppet valve illustratedvin Figure 8,the lower terminating element g2 of the valve cage is provided with acylindrical cast iron extension la.' having labyrinths h2 in its outerperipheral surface, which cylindrical extension is'adapted lto fitwithin a sleeve ha integral with the valve spindle z'. This constructionof poppet valve increases fluid-tightness between the valve spindle andthe stationar cage.

Having now described my invention` what I claim as new and desire tosecure by -Letters Patent is 1. A poppet valve steam distribution unitvfor a locomotive or other engine, comprising in combination a tubularbody-part independent of the engine cylinder, oppet valves located incages detachably said body-part and having seatings formed in theinterior of the latter, passages controlled by said valves also formedin said body-part for steam admission and exhaust, pivot-al transmissionmeans for actuating said valves operatively associated with cams rigidlysupported by a `common rotatable shaft disposed parallel to thelongitudinal axis of said body-part, and means for axially adjustingsaid shaft for the purpose described.

-2. A pop t valve steam distribution arrangement or a locomotive orother engine, comprising in combination a body-part composed of twotubular castings which are independent of the engine cylinder and arerigidly connected together co-axially, poppet valves housed within saidbody-part and having transverse seatings formed in the interior of -thelatter, passages controlled by said valves also formed in said body-partfor steam admission and exhaust, transmission 'means oused within4rigidly positioned co-axially with their valve seating inthe body-partof the unit by means ofa screw engaging both the said body-part and theupper terminating element of the cage.

4. -In' a poppet valve steam distribution -v unit as claimed in claim 1,double beatpoppet valves each located within a cage composed of a seriesof superposed elements rigidly positionedco-axially with their valveseating in the body-part of the unit by means of a screwengagingboth thesaid body-part and vthe upper terminating element of the cage,

each such cage pivotally supporting a rocker having a loosely fittingball for transmitting the motion of the cams to the valves.

5. In a poppet valve steam distribution unit as claimed in claim 1,double beat poppet valves each located within a cage composed of aseries of superposed elements rigidly positioned co-axially with theirvalve seating in the body-part of thev unit by means of a screw engagingboth the said bod part and the upper terminating element o the cage,

the lower terminating element of which cage is provided Withacylindrical extension having labyrinths in its outer peripheral surfaceandbelng adapted tolit within a sleeve integral with'its valve spindle,each such cage pivotally supporting a rocker having a loosel; fittingball for transmitting the motion of t e cams to the valves.

6. A poppet valve steam distribution arrangement for a locomotiveengine, comprising in combination a body-part composed of two tubularcastings which are independent of the engine cylinder and-are rigidlyconnected together co-axially; poppet valves housed within saidbody-part and having seatings formed in the interior ofthe latter;passages controlled by said valves also formed in said body-part forsteam admission and exhaust; transmission means through which saidvalves are actuated vby cams rlgid with a common cam shaft synchronouslyrotated by the driving wheels of the locomotive through the medium. of aily crank, helical gear wheels and universally jointed transmissionshafts, in conjunction with an extension of the cam shaft; and'meanswhereby said cam shaft is axially adjustedfor the purpose described.

. 7. A poppet valve steam distribution unit for a locomotive or otherengine, comprising in combination a tubular body-part independent of theengine cylinder,- two ppet valves for steamadmission and two or ex- 5haust housed within said body-part and having seatin arranged in theinterior ofthe latter para lel to the longitudinal axis thereof,passages controlled by said valves formed in said body-part for steamadmission and exhaust, four cams for steam admission and four forexhaust, the exhaust cams being of constant Width and the admission camsvarying in width longitudinally, a common rotatable shaft rigidlycarrying said cams ar ranged parallel to thev longitudinal axis ofv saidbody-part, ivotal valve actuating members also house within saidbody-partand operatively associated with said cams, and means foraxially adjusting said shaft for the purpose described.

8. In a steam distribution unit as claimed in claim 1, a casing formingan oil bath for said camshaft longitudinally disposed 'within thebody-part of the unit, and valve rocke ers pivotally mounted inv theinterior of said body-part upon lugs rigid l,with the valve cages p Y fs n testimony whereof I have'slgned my name to this specification. Y. vJACQUES MOUCHLY.

